Table 1 Demographic characteristics of study participants by health status: healthy controls and patients with one, two, or three vessel blockages

N (%)

130 (21.3%)

121 (19.8%)

134 (22%)

225 (36.9%)

276 (47.8%)

90 (15.6%)

81 (14%)

130 (22.5%)

Age

53.52 ± 13.31

55.14 ± 10.95

56.69 ± 9.91

60.02 ± 9.8^abc

< 0.001

53.77 ± 10.44

57.79 ± 11.11

61.21 ± 10.01

62.03 ± 10.75^ab

< 0.001

Marital

status

Single

4 (3.1%)

1 (0.8%)

0

1 (0.4%)

0.18

3 (1.1%)

1 (1.1%)

0

4 (3.1%)

0.47

Married

121 (93.1%)

115 (95%)

127 (94.8%)

216 (96%)

236 (85.5%)

72 (80%)

72 (88.9%)

107 (82.3%)

Divorced

1 (0.8%)

0

0

0

5 (1.8%)

2 (2.2%)

1 (1.2%)

0

Widow

4 (3.1%)

5 (4.1%)

7 (5.2%)

8 (3.6%)

32 (11.6%)

15 (16.7%)

8 (9.9%)

19 (14.6%)

Smoking habits

Non-smoker

79 (60.8%)

59 (48.8%)

72 (53.7%)

125 (55.6%)

0.077

213 (77.2%)

62 (68.9%)

57 (70.4%)

92 (70.8%)

0.013

Current smoker

24 (18.5%)

42 (34.7%)

41 (30.6%)

53 (23.6%)

38 (13.8%)

10 (11.1%)

19 (23.5%)

24 (18.5%)

Ex-smoker

27 (20.8%)

20 (16.5%)

21 (15.7%)

47 (20.9%)

25 (9.1%)

18 (20%)

5 (6.2%)

14 (10.8%)

HTN

Yes

41 (31.5%)

48 (39.7%)

62 (46.3%)

97 (43.1%)

0.077

115 (41.7%)

43 (47.8%)

42 (51.9%)

63 (48.5%)

0.34

No

89 (68.5%)

73 (60.3%)

72 (53.7%)

128 (56.9%)

161 (58.3%)

47 (52.2%)

39 (48.1%)

67 (51.5%)

DM

Yes

14 (10.8%)

42 (34.7%)

55 (41%)

105 (46.7%)

< 0.001

51 (18.5%)

43 (47.8%)

36 (44.4%)

75 (57.7%)

< 0.001

No

116 (89.2%)

79 (65.3%)

79 (59%)

120 (53.3%)

225 (81.5%)

47 (52.2%)

45 (55.6%)

55 (42.3%)

Weight, kg

69.56 ± 11.39

74.16 ± 14.09^a

73.77 ± 13.63^a

73.03 ± 12.24^a

0.015

67.43 ± 13.56

66.96 ± 12.12

65.71 ± 11.88

64.89 ± 12.80

0.28

FBG, mg/dl

110.63 ± 42.21

116.07 ± 37.37^a

122.77 ± 45.31^ab

138.27 ± 74.86^abc

< 0.001

118.15 ± 48.65

136.76 ± 55.82^a

135.27 ± 70.45^a

147.02 ± 68.55^abc

< 0.001

TC, mg/dl

167.35 ± 47.57

165.06 ± 39.97

168.77 ± 37.98

168.67 ± 42.22

0.87

168.53 ± 41.93

166.73 ± 43.82

173 ± 42.10

172.78 ± 51.61

0.64

TG, mg/dl

135.18 ± 85.55

149.92 ± 70.94

155 ± 91.15

145.09 ± 74.24

0.22

139.5 ± 63.55

144.3 ± 69.1

147.17 ± 56.8

159.11 ± 65.74^abc

0.04

LDL, mg/dl

100.39 ± 38.13

91.65 ± 32.58

98 ± 31.17

99.40 ± 31.36

0.16

96.43 ± 33.73

94.4 ± 31.3

107.43 ± 51.91

99.47 ± 32.61

0.072

HDL, mg/dl

39.73 ± 10.53

41.62 ± 13.62

40.21 ± 9.05

40.17 ± 14.67

0.65

43.77 ± 11.87

43.28 ± 20.92

40.61 ± 10.2

42.1 ± 20.4

0.39

AIP

0.49 ± 0.23

0.53 ± 0.2

0.54 ± 0.24

0.53 ± 0.21

0.2

0.48 ± 0.22

0.5 ± 0.22

0.54 ± 0.2^a

0.57 ± 0.22^bc

0.001

AC

1.30 ± 0.3

1.42 ± 0.44

1.35 ± 0.26

1.32 ± 0.25^b

0.006

1.33 ± 0.29

1.33 ± 0.19

1.28 ± 0.19

1.34 ± 0.34

0.41

TCBI

1771.31 ± 2022.36

1982.46 ± 1513.78

2083.53 ± 1794.14

1903.01 ± 1441.36

0.48

1670.34 ± 1171.50

1709.70 ± 1321.22

1746.92 ± 1130.70

1865.99 ± 1320.64

0.51

CRI-I

4.39 ± 1.49

4.15 ± 1

4.32 ± 1.05

4.37 ± 1.08

0.32

4.03 ± 1.31

4.14 ± 1.13

4.41 ± 1.23^ab

4.42 ± 1.35^ab

0.013

CRI-II

2.63 ± 1.14

2.32 ± 0.81^a

2.50 ± 0.78^b

2.59 ± 0.89^b

0.025

2.31 ± 1.01

2.4 ± 0.94

2.74 ± 1.65^ab

2.59 ± 1.09^ab

0.008